| 咸阳地区基于广义雾霾的时空分布特征分析 |
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| 引用本文：许玮,赵恺辉,赵奕兵,等..咸阳地区基于广义雾霾的时空分布特征分析[J].气象与环境科学,2020,43(1):123-129.Xu Wei,Zhao Kaihui,Zhao Yibing,et al..Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Fog-Haze in Xianyang Region Based on Generalized Theory[J].Meteorological and Environmental Sciences,2020,43(1):123-129. |
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| DOI：doi:10.16765/j.cnki.1673-7148.2019.04.016 |
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| 中文摘要:导致空气质量变差的天气，并非只有雾和霾，还有沙尘暴、扬沙、浮尘等天气。为更好地掌握咸阳地区空气质量的时空变化特征，从而为政府治污降霾提供有力依据，将气象观测中能见度小于10 km的雾、霾、沙尘暴、扬沙、浮尘等影响空气质量的天气，统一定义为“广义雾霾日”，并将其划分为轻微、轻度、中度和重度4个等级。通过研究发现，咸阳市区“广义雾霾日”与实际污染日数的相关性比普通雾霾日的相关性更好，能更好地反映空气质量的变化状况。咸阳市区能见度与空气质量监测数据之间存在较明显的对数负相关关系，即能见度越小空气质量越差，能见度越大空气质量越好，故“广义雾霾日”可在一定程度上反映咸阳地区的空气质量状况。空间变化上，咸阳地区的“广义雾霾日”空间分布呈现由南向北递减的趋势，兴平的最多，旬邑的最少。时间变化上，市区和旬邑“广义雾霾日”年际变化呈现减少的趋势，兴平的年际变化不明显，乾县的年际变化呈现增多的趋势。市区的“广义雾霾日”在10月至次年1月间较多，此期间恰好是市区风速较小、降水较少的时段；而“广义雾霾日”较少的时段内，市区的风速较高，降水较多。在“广义雾霾日”出现较多的时段内，重度等级日数明显增多。 |
| 中文关键词:咸阳 能见度 广义雾霾日 |
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| Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Fog-Haze in Xianyang Region Based on Generalized Theory |
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| Abstract:For the research of the air pollution in Xianyang city, Henan province, the traditional statistical method only counts the “fog” days and “haze” days, ignoring the poor air quality caused by sandstorm, blowing sand, floating dust and other weather phenomena. In order to grasp the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of air quality in Xianyang area, and provide a strong basis for the government to control pollution and reduce haze event, this paper defines the weather that affects the air quality such as fog, haze, sandstorm, blowing sand and floating dust with visibility less than 10 km in meteorological observation uniformly as “generalized haze day”, and divides it into four grades, i.e., slight, mild, moderate and severe grades. The study results show that there is a better correlation between the “generalized haze day” and the actual pollution days in Xianyang city, which can reflect the change of air quality well, than the relationship between the “generalized haze day” and the ordinary haze days. There is a significant logarithmic negative correlation between visibility and the air quality monitoring data in urban areas of Xianyang city, that is, the worse the air quality, the smaller the visibility; the better the air quality, the greater the visibility. Therefore, the “generalized haze day” can reflect the air quality condition in the Xianyang area to some extent. In terms of spatial variation, the spatial distribution of “generalized haze day” in Xianyang area shows a downward trend from south to north, and such days are the most in Xingping, but the least in Xunyi. For the temporal variation, the interannual change of the “generalized haze day” in the urban area of Xianyang and the Xunyi area shows a decreasing trend, but the change is not obvious in Xingping. However, the change of the “generalized haze day” in Qianxian is in an increasing trend in the interannual scale. The “generalized haze day” in the urban area of Xianyang appears more frequently from October to the next January, when the wind speed is slow and precipitation is less. However, during the periods with less “generalized haze days”, the wind speed in the area is higher and the precipitation is more. Thus, during the period when “generalized haze days” are more, the number of the days with severe grade pollution increase tends to increase significantly. |
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